ZF Lifetec reveals four airbag concept to reduce submarining risk

ZF Lifetec has developed an advanced airbag concept designed for comfort-oriented seating positions with increased seatback recline.

The system combines four airbags to protect the head, pelvis, and legs, aiming to significantly reduce the risk of ‘submarining’, whereby the occupant slides under the seatbelt.

The Seat Ramp Airbag, integrated beneath the seat cushion, limits pelvis travel, while the Dual Contour Knee Airbag deploys in front of the knees and adjusts its volume to the seatback angle.

The Active Heel Airbag, housed in the footwell, anchors foot contact with the floor to prevent uncontrolled leg movement and reduce ankle and knee injury risk.

The Dual Contour Airbag, integrated into the steering wheel and instrument panel, adapts its volume to occupant distance, providing greater coverage in reclined positions.

All four work alongside adaptive seatbelt systems, managed by a smart algorithm drawing on camera-based occupant sensing, seat angle data, and other inputs.

All modules are scheduled to be ready for series production in 2028. ZF Lifetec will present the concept at AIRBAG 2026 in Mannheim, Germany this December.